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Focus on Essential Oils Focus on Essential Oils

The liquid is then distilled to pro- tion, the most widely-used method, air of pollutants even before the dis- In skin care products, jasmine oil It is noteworthy to mention that
duce a wax-type product called ‘con- is done in Egypt and India. Of the covery of bacteria. Ancient Egyptians can reduce the appearance of scars 1-kg of pure jasmine absolute can cost
crete.’ The concrete can be used to world’s supply of jasmine absolute, used jasmine oil for headaches, ner- and stretch marks, and is used to more than $3,000, whereas a similar
create solid perfumes or mixed with 70% to 80% is produced by the lat- vous disorders, and to promote rest- treat skin affected by heal dermatitis amount of synthetic jasmine can be
grain alcohol to remove the wax and ter method, even though the absolute ful sleep. and eczema. It also acts as an emol- produced for as little as $12. Unfortu-
colour. Distilling the alcohol leaves scent is not fully retained. lient to lock moisture into the skin, nately, it can be difficult to determine
behind pure jasmine oil, or jasmine The health benefits of Jasmine and can be added to a body lotion to if a company is selling pure jasmine
‘absolute’, a liquid oil free of waxes. Chemical constituents essential oil can be attributed to its not only improve the fragrance, but oil, if it has been diluted.
Each tonne of jasmine concrete can There are nearly 100 chemical properties like anti-bacterial, anti- also to help boost the moisturizing
produce at least half a tonne of oil. components in Jasminum officinale/ depressant, anti-inflammatory, anti- effect of the lotion. It can also be used Market trends
The floral scent diffused into the fat septic, anti-spasmodic, anti-viral,
over one to three days. The petals Jasmine absolute is a dark or- grandiflorum, some of which are ben- aphrodisiac, astringent, calmative, with another carrier oil to produce a Today Jasmine oil production has
were removed and replaced with ange-brown viscous liquid, darken- zoic acid, benzaldehyde, benzyl ace- cicatrisant, cooling, emenagogue, body oil, which can be used directly practically disappeared from Grasse
fresh ones, intensifying the scent ing with age to red-brown or even tate, benzyl alcohol, indole, benzyl expectorant, galactogogue, hypoten- on the skin to retain even more mois- (France). It is still grown in Morocco,
picked up by the fat. The process was deep red. Its odour is intense floral, benzoate, cis-3-hexenyl benzoate, sive, nervine analgesic, parturient, ture. but the two major producing coun-
repeated until the fat was saturated warm, rich, highly diffusive, with a cis-jasmone, eugenol, farnesol, gera- sedative and uterine. It is a valuable tries are now Egypt and India. In
with the scent of the flower. The fat peculiar waxy-herbaceous oily-fruity niol, linalool, methyl anthranilate, remedy in cases of severe depression In one study from 2008, resear- India, the flowers are traditionally
was then soaked in alcohol, drawing and tea-like undertone. Light may re- p-cresol, nerol, gamma terpineol, and soothes the nerves, producing chers investigated the anti-bacterial cultivated for ornamentation, and an
the fragrance into the alcohol and duce the quality of the absolute, es- nerosidol, isophytol and phytol. of feeling of confidence, optimism properties of jasmine essential oil extraction industry was started up
separating it from the fat. The alco- pecially degrading the benzyl acetate Benzyl acetate is an ester. Esters and euphoria, while revitalizing and against a strain of E. coli, and found only in the late 1970s.
hol was evaporated, leaving just the and benzyl benzoate it contains. often have a fruity aroma and are con- restoring energy. that a variety of the components in
absolute essence of the flower. sidered to have antiseptic, aphrodisiac, jasmine oil were bactericidal against The Jasmine plantations in India
It should be noted that there are and sedative properties. It also has Jasmine is known for its exotic, E. coli. In addition, a similar study are concentrated in the regions of
Today, solvent extraction is wide- at least 43 different varieties of jas- germicidal, bactericidal, fungicidal, rich, and relaxing scent. Yet, it is from 2009 found that jasmine oil com- Coimbatore (Karnataka) and Madurai
ly used for jasmine oil production. mine, although only two are used in and anti-viral properties when used also used as a topical balming tonic ponents also demonstrated anti-viral (Tamil Nadu).
The petals are immersed in hexane the production of the jasmine abso- externally on wounds or skin disor- for irritated skin, eczema, acute der- activity against the hepatitis B virus.
or ethanol solvent and rotated, re- lute essential oil, Jasminum grandi- ders, but can also work internally. matitis, neurogenic pruritus, pain- Tamil Nadu is the sole leading
leasing the fragrance molecules into florum and Jasminum officinale, both ful injuries, and ulcers. Jasmine has While many of these studies were producer in the country, cultivating
the mixture. The longer the flowers natives of Southwest Asia. The majo- Linalool is a monoterpene ester even been utilized in the treatment done using isolated jasmine essential nearly 10,000 hectares or nearly 78,000
remain in the solvent, the more fra- rity of jasmine absolute is produced with anti-bacterial and anti-fungal of exhaustion and labour pains. It is oil components, these benefits may tonnes of flowers (in 2005-2006). In
grance oil can be removed. in Egypt and India, but France, Italy, properties. It has uplifting and seda- thought to speed the recovery of a still extend to jasmine oil products India, rooted cuttings are planted
Morocco, and Algeria produce smaller tive effects, another lovely aspect of woman after childbirth by dismiss- for the hair and skin. 4.5 feet apart during the months of
Chemical constituents of Jasmine quantities. jasmine. It acts as a sort of balancer, ing post-natal depression, promoting June to November. Farmers in India
oil offering uplifting yet calming results. milk flow, and intensely nurturing Pricing typically have about one acre of their
Constituent Concentra- Because they are both extremely the woman’s feelings and femininity. Unlike other essential oils, floral land dedicated to growing the plant,
tion similar in their chemical constituents, Linalyl acetate, also a monoter- oils like jasmine are very expensive, an area that can contain slightly less
Jasmine produces its aphrodisiac as the only part of the plant harvested than 1,000 plants. From this plot, a
Benzyl acetate 15-24.5% the oils from each flower are used pene ester, has anti-inflammatory, sensation by eliciting the release of for therapeutic or perfumery purposes farmer can often produce somewhere
interchangeably in aromatherapy.
Benzyl benzoate 8-20% A bad growth season of one can be analgesic, and anti-hypertensive endorphins from the pituitary gland, is the flower. Flowers are small, deli- near 4,400 pounds of jasmine flower
Phytol 7-12.5% compensated for with the other. This properties. leading to a sense of euphoria. It is cate and begin to lose their aroma as petals per year.
Squalene 2,3-oxide 5.8-12% is an especially fortunate fact given Benzyl alcohol is an anti-microbial, not a surprise that as a result of its soon as they are picked. Depending
Isophytol 5-8% that in order to produce 1 gram of anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal. plethora of positive effects, jasmine on the variety, the buds or flowers Worldwide production of Jasmine
Phytyl acetate 3.5-7% jasmine absolute, about 8,000 hand- is found in numerous fine fragrances. are picked by hand at night or first concrete ranges from 10-12 tonnes,
Phytol is a sedative and reduces
Linalool 3-6.5% picked blossoms are needed. anxiety while not affecting motor Jasmine oil contains moisturizing thing in the morning. mainly from India and Egypt. Egypt
produces about 5-tonnes of jasmine
Squalene 2.5-6% The French enfleurage solvent ex- activity – calming the body and mind properties to stop prevent hair break- It can require as many as 8,000 concrete every year, 70% of which
Geranyl linalool 2.5-5% traction method provides the highest without causing lethargy, one of the age. Like jojoba oil, jasmine oil is flowers to make one gram of essential comes from the province of Gharbiya.
Indole 0.7-3.5% yield of jasmine oil, because it allows favourite powers of jasmine oil. It light and able to penetrate the hair oil. A talented picker can pick 10,000-
(Z)-Jasmone 1.5-3.3% the flowers to continue to produce also works to reduce inflammation. shaft and cuticle to deeply condition. 15,000 flowers per night. These freshly- End-notes
Eugenol 1.1-3% their oils after they are picked, pro- The natural healing properties found picked gems are rushed to process- Jasmine is interesting in many
(Z)-Methyl jasmonate 0.2-1.3% viding the same natural scent as if it Uses of jasmine in jasmine oil work to eliminate and ing to retain as much of the valuable ways: for its essential oil, as an orna-
reduce the possibility of infections essence as possible. All of these fac-
mental, for its fragrant fresh flowers
In China, jasmine oil was used in
were still on the bush.
Jasmolactone 0.3-1.2% sick rooms to make the air fragrant, and scalp conditions such as dan- tors make jasmine oil among the most for which there is a considerable mar-
Methyl benzoate 0.2-1.0% On the other hand, concrete extrac- but it was also thought to clear the druff. costly of essential oils. ket, and for its medicinal properties.
36 Home, Personal & Institutional Care India November 2020 Home, Personal & Institutional Care India November 2020 37